| 研究方式： | 委託研究 |
|---|---|
| 計畫名稱： | 雪霸國家公園珍貴原生植物之育種研究 |
| 計畫年度： | 年度 |
| 研究報告摘要(中英文)： | 摘 要棣慕華鳳仙花(Impatiens devolii Hung)為臺灣的特有種植物。由於目前棲地全世界僅限於雪霸國家公園觀霧高海拔地區，根據IUCN認定稀有植物受威脅程度分類表標準，可將其歸為易受害（vulnerable），屬於小而且狹隘分佈的族群。因此棣慕華鳳仙花被雪霸國家公園列為保育順序第一優先的植物。為了進一步瞭解在雪霸國家公園地區隸慕華鳳仙花的遺傳多樣性，我們用核醣體基因轉錄間隔區(internal transcribed spacer, ITS)的DNA序列為遺傳標誌，分析採於梅峰臺大試驗場、大鹿林道、石鹿古道、宜蘭翠峰湖等處的標本。在19條DNA序列中共發現8種不同的haplotypes。Haplotypes diversity為0.725。種內遺傳歧異度 (p-distance)平均為0.4%。由ITS所構築的親緣關係樹得知，棣慕華鳳仙花種內並沒有分化亞族群的現象。由此結果推論在雪霸國家公園隸慕華鳳仙花種內仍然存在中度的遺傳變異，而且有隨分佈距離增大而有遺傳歧異度增加的趨勢。分析主要產於亞洲的鳳仙花的種類支持隸慕華鳳仙花與產於雲南的I. purpurea親緣關係最近，而與黃花鳳仙花( I. tayemonii)及紫花鳳仙花 (I. uniflowra) 親緣關係很遠。關鍵詞：棣慕華鳳仙花、 雪霸國家公園、 觀霧、 族群遺傳變異 ABSTRACT Impatiens devolii is an endemic species in Taiwan. It is a vulnerable species based on IUCN criteria, because its geological distribution is restricted to Shei-Pa National Park, an area less than 100 square meters. Thus, it has been regarded as the fist priority species for the conservation in Shei-Pa National park of Taiwan. Based on our data of census and geographical distribution in 2005, we concluded that the population of I. devolii is steadily expanding in Shei-Pa National park. To further infer the genetic diversity of I. devoli in Shei-Pa National park, we analyzed the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) gene of I. devolii from different sampling sites. In total 19 sequences, 8 haplotypes were found. The haplotype diversity was 0.725. The average intra-species divergence (p-distance) was 0.4%. The results suggested that the existence of moderate genetic divergence among I. devolii in Shei-Pa National Park. Phylogenetic anslysis revealed that I. devolii has not differentiated into subpopulation and I. devolii has the closest relationship with I. purpure from Yuan, China. Keywords: Genetic diversitry, haplotype, Impatiens devolii , ITS, Shei-Pa National Park |
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